{"id":712,"date":"2024-12-10T19:54:28","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T11:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/?p=712"},"modified":"2025-01-15T21:27:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T13:27:54","slug":"mysql%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e5%a4%a7%e7%89%9b%e5%b0%9a%e7%a1%85%e8%b0%b7%e5%ae%8b%e7%ba%a2%e5%ba%b7%e8%80%81%e5%b8%88%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%af%87-pa-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/?p=712","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5927\u725b\u5c1a\u7845\u8c37\u5b8b\u7ea2\u5eb7\u8001\u5e08\u7b14\u8bb0 \u57fa\u7840\u7bc7 part 3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c03\u7ae0_\u57fa\u672c\u7684SELECT\u8bed\u53e5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. SQL\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 SQL\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1946 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u501f\u7531\u8fd9\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u6210\u6c5f\u6e56\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u51e0\u5341 \u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3001\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u6c5f\u6e56\u91cc\u6c89\u6d6e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u5174\u672a\u827e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u51e0\u5e55\u5174\u8870\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u6d69\u8361\u7684 \u6ce2\u52a8\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u95e8\u6280\u672f\u4ece\u672a\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u201c\u8001\u5f53\u76ca\u58ee\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f SQL\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>45 \u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f 1974 \u5e74\uff0cIBM \u7814\u7a76\u5458\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u63ed\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300aSEQUEL\uff1a\u4e00\u95e8\u7ed3\u6784 \u5316\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u95e8\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed \u8a00\uff0c SQL \u7684\u534a\u8870\u671f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u957f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u524d\u7aef\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u7b97\u6cd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u90fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u53c8\u5feb\u53c8\u51c6\u786e\u5730 \u63d0\u53d6\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u66f4\u522b\u63d0\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4ee5 \u4fbf\u6307\u5bfc\u4e1a\u52a1\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SQL\uff08Structured Query Language\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e94\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c \u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c IBM \u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u540e\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c40\uff08ANSI\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u7740\u624b\u5236\u5b9aSQL\u6807\u51c6\uff0c \u5148\u540e\u6709 SQL-86 \uff0c SQL-89 <strong>SQL-92 \uff0c SQL-99 <\/strong>\u7b49\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;SQL \u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f SQL92 \u548c SQL99\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86 92 \u5e74\u548c 99 \u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684 SQL \u6807 \u51c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 SQL \u8bed\u8a00\u4f9d\u7136\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u751f\u4ea7\u5382\u5546\u90fd\u652f\u6301SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"222\" width=\"371\" src=\"https:\/\/i-blog.csdnimg.cn\/direct\/bf3b5a6d547b4dc08425e72001d8ed90.png\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 SQL\u8bed\u8a00\u6392\u884c\u699c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81ea\u4ece SQL \u52a0\u5165\u4e86 TIOBE \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u6392\u884c\u699c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 Top 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 SQL \u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SQL\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b3\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.DDL\uff08Data Definition Languages\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u53e5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u7d22 \u5f15\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<br>\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5305\u62ec CREATE \u3001 DROP \u3001 ALTER \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.DML\uff08Data Manipulation Language\u3001\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bb0 \u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<br>\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5305\u62ec INSERT \u3001 DELETE \u3001 UPDATE \u3001 SELECT \u7b49\u3002<br>SELECT\u662fSQL\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.DCL\uff08Data Control Language\u3001\u6570\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u548c \u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<br>\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5305\u62ec GRANT \u3001 REVOKE \u3001 COMMIT \u3001 ROLLBACK \u3001 SAVEPOINT \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u628a\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u5355\u62ce\u51fa\u6765\u4e00\u7c7b\uff1aDQL\uff08\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u5355\u72ec\u5c06 COMMIT \u3001 ROLLBACK \u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u79f0\u4e3aTCL \uff08Transaction Control Language\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u7b2c03\u7ae0_\u57fa\u672c\u7684SELECT\u8bed\u53e5\n\n#1. SQL\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\n\/*\nDDL:\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\u3002CREATE \\ ALTER \\ DROP \\ RENAME \\ TRUNCATE\n\n\nDML:\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u8a00\u3002INSERT \\ DELETE \\ UPDATE \\ SELECT \uff08\u91cd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u91cd\uff09\n\n\nDCL:\u6570\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\u3002COMMIT \\ ROLLBACK \\ SAVEPOINT \\ GRANT \\ REVOKE\n\n\n\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u5927\u5904\u7740\u773c\u3001\u5c0f\u5904\u7740\u624b\u3002\n\n*\/\n\n\/*\n2.1 SQL\u7684\u89c4\u5219 ----\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u9075\u5b88\n- SQL \u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8005\u591a\u884c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u5404\u5b50\u53e5\u5206\u884c\u5199\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u8fdb\n- \u6bcf\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5 ; \u6216 \\g \u6216 \\G \u7ed3\u675f\n- \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7f29\u5199\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u884c\n- \u5173\u4e8e\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\n  - \u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684()\u3001\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u3001\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u662f\u6210\u5bf9\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\n  - \u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u534a\u89d2\u8f93\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\n  - \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u578b\u548c\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\uff08' '\uff09\u8868\u793a\n  - \u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\uff08\" \"\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7701\u7565as\n\n2.2 SQL\u7684\u89c4\u8303  ----\u5efa\u8bae\u9075\u5b88\n- MySQL \u5728 Windows \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684\n- MySQL \u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\u7684\n  - \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u8868\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\n  - \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u5217\u540d(\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d)\u3001\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d(\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u522b\u540d) \u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u3002\n- \u63a8\u8350\u91c7\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u89c4\u8303\uff1a\n  - \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u8868\u522b\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u522b\u540d\u7b49\u90fd\u5c0f\u5199\n  - SQL \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u90fd\u5927\u5199\n\n\n3. MySQL\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\n\n\n*\/\n\nUSE dbtest2;\n\n-- \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\nSELECT * FROM emp;\n\nINSERT INTO emp \nVALUES(1002,'Tom'); #\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5bf9''\u8868\u793a\n\nINSERT INTO emp \nVALUES(1003,'Jerry');\n\n# SELECT * FROM emp\\G\n\nSHOW CREATE TABLE emp\\g\n\n\/*\n4. \u5bfc\u5165\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u3001\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\n\u65b9\u5f0f1\uff1asource \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u8def\u5f84\u540d\n\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1asource d:\\atguigudb.sql;\n\n\n\u65b9\u5f0f2\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\n\u6bd4\u5982\uff1aSQLyog\u4e2d \u9009\u62e9 \u201c\u5de5\u5177\u201d -- \u201c\u6267\u884csql\u811a\u672c\u201d -- \u9009\u4e2dxxx.sql\u5373\u53ef\u3002\n*\/\n\n#5. \u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684SELECT\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a SELECT \u5b57\u6bb51,\u5b57\u6bb52,... FROM \u8868\u540d \nSELECT 1 + 1,3 * 2;\n\nSELECT 1 + 1,3 * 2\nFROM DUAL; #dual\uff1a\u4f2a\u8868\n\n# *:\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u6216\u5217\uff09\nSELECT * FROM employees;\n\nSELECT employee_id,last_name,salary\nFROM employees;\n\n\n#6. \u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d\n# as:\u5168\u79f0\uff1aalias(\u522b\u540d),\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\n# \u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5bf9\"\"\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528''\u3002\nSELECT employee_id emp_id,last_name AS lname,department_id \"\u90e8\u95e8id\",salary * 12 AS \"annual sal\"\nFROM employees;\n\n# 7. \u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c\n#\u67e5\u8be2\u5458\u5de5\u8868\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u95e8id\u5462\uff1f\n#\u9519\u8bef\u7684:\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\nSELECT department_id\nFROM employees;\n#\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1a\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\nSELECT DISTINCT department_id\nFROM employees;\n\n#\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1a\nSELECT salary,DISTINCT department_id\nFROM employees;\n\n#\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u3002\nSELECT DISTINCT department_id,salary\nFROM employees;\n\n#8. \u7a7a\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\n# 1. \u7a7a\u503c\uff1anull\n# 2. null\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e0\uff0c''\uff0c'null'\nSELECT * FROM employees;\n\n#3. \u7a7a\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\nSELECT employee_id,salary \"\u6708\u5de5\u8d44\",salary * (1 + commission_pct) * 12 \"\u5e74\u5de5\u8d44\",commission_pct\nFROM employees;\n#\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5f15\u5165IFNULL\nSELECT employee_id,salary \"\u6708\u5de5\u8d44\",salary * (1 + IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) * 12 \"\u5e74\u5de5\u8d44\",commission_pct\nFROM `employees`;\n\n#9. \u7740\u91cd\u53f7 ``\n\nSELECT * FROM `order`;\n\n#10. \u67e5\u8be2\u5e38\u6570\nSELECT '\u5c1a\u7845\u8c37',123,employee_id,last_name\nFROM employees;\n\n#11.\u663e\u793a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\n\nDESCRIBE employees; #\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8868\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\n\nDESC employees;\n\nDESC departments;\n\n#12.\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6570\u636e\n\n#\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u67e5\u8be290\u53f7\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u4fe1\u606f\nSELECT * \nFROM employees\n#\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6,\u58f0\u660e\u5728FROM\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u540e\u9762\nWHERE department_id = 90;\n\n#\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2last_name\u4e3a'King'\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u4fe1\u606f\nSELECT * \nFROM EMPLOYEES\nWHERE LAST_NAME = 'King'; \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-1024x392.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-714\" style=\"width:822px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-1024x392.png 1024w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-768x294.png 768w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-1536x588.png 1536w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831658-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195413-2048x784.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;2. SQL\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SQL \u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8005\u591a\u884c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u5404\u5b50\u53e5\u5206\u884c\u5199\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u8fdb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5&nbsp; ;&nbsp; \u6216 \\g \u6216 \\G \u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7f29\u5199\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684()\u3001\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u3001\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u662f\u6210\u5bf9\u7ed3\u675f\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u534a\u89d2\u8f93\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u578b\u548c\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\uff08' '\uff09\u8868\u793a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\uff08\" \"\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7701\u7565as<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 SQL\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u89c4\u8303 \uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u9075\u5b88\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MySQL \u5728 Windows \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MySQL \u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u8868\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u5217\u540d(\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d)\u3001\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d(\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u522b\u540d) \u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u91c7\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u8868\u522b\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u522b\u540d\u7b49\u90fd\u5c0f\u5199<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SQL \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u90fd\u5927\u5199<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;2.3 \u6ce8 \u91ca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a#\u6ce8\u91ca\u6587\u5b57(MySQL\u7279\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f)\n\n\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a-- \u6ce8\u91ca\u6587\u5b57(--\u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u3002)\n\n\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a\/* \u6ce8\u91ca\u6587\u5b57 *\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"15\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/eve2333.top\/67cf7631-80bb-4b14-814d-a4b392ff5803\" width=\"15\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 \u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u6682\u65f6\u4e86\u89e3\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u540d\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc730\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u9650\u5236\u4e3a29\u4e2a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b A\u2013Z, a\u2013z, 0\u20139, _\u517163\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u7b49\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e0d\u8981\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u683c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aMySQL\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u540d\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u540d\uff1b\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f60\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u5b57\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5982\u679c\u575a\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f \u7528`\uff08\u7740\u91cd\u53f7\uff09\u5f15\u8d77\u6765<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4fdd\u6301\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u540d\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6570\u636e \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u91cc\u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u91cc\u53ef\u5c31\u522b\u53d8\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u578b\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a \u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\nshow databases;\nSHOW DATABASES;\n\n #\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u683c\n#create table student info(...); #\u8868\u540d\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8868\u540d\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\ncreate table student_info(...); \n\n#\u5176\u4e2dorder\u4f7f\u7528``\u98d8\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aorder\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u7b49\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u91cd\u540d\u4e86\nCREATE TABLE `order`(\n    id INT,\n    lname VARCHAR(20)\n );\n\nselect id as \"\u7f16\u53f7\", `name` as \"\u59d3\u540d\" from t_stu; #\u8d77\u522b\u540d\u65f6\uff0cas\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\nselect id as \u7f16\u53f7, `name` as \u59d3\u540d from t_stu; #\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u6bb5\u522b\u540d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\"\"\nselect id as \u7f16 \u53f7, `name` as \u59d3 \u540d from t_stu; #\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u6bb5\u522b\u540d\u4e2d\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u7565\"\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.5 \u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u767b\u5f55mysql\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528source\u6307\u4ee4\u5bfc\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mysql&gt; source d:\\mysqldb.sql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| Field            | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |\n+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+\n| employee_id      | int(6)       | NO   | PRI | 0       |                |\n| first_name       | varchar(20)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\n| last_name        | varchar(25)  | NO   |     | NULL    |                |\n| email            | varchar(25)  | NO   | UNI | NULL    |                |\n| phone_number     | varchar(20)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\n| hire_date        | date         | NO   |     | NULL    |                |\n| job_id           | varchar(10)  | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |\n| salary           | double(8,2)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\n| commission_pct   | double(2,2)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |\n| manager_id       | int(6)       | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |\n| department_id    | int(4)       | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |\n+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u57fa\u672c\u7684SELECT\u8bed\u53e5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.0 SELECT...<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT 1; #\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u53e5 \nSELECT 9\/2; #\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u53e5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 SELECT ... FROM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT &nbsp; \u6807\u8bc6\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e9b\u5217 \nFROM &nbsp; &nbsp; \u6807\u8bc6\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9 <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009\u62e9\u5168\u90e8\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code> SELECT * \nFROM &nbsp;departments;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"15\" width=\"15\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/eve2333.top\/a50ae2ad-e9c9-4b72-b33b-4dd690f4c1e0\"><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831633-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195346-950x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-713\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831633-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195346-950x1024.png 950w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831633-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195346-278x300.png 278w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831633-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195346-768x828.png 768w, https:\/\/eve2333.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/1733831633-\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2024-12-10-195346.png 1283w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;3.2\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT employee_id,last_name,dapartment_id\nFROM employees<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\uff0c&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT employee_id emp_id,last_name AS lname,dapartment_id \"\u90e8\u95e8id\"\nFROM employees<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u90a3\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u5165emp_id,\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d,<br>\u6216\u8005as \u5168\u79f0:alias(\u522b\u540d)&nbsp; ,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565<br>\u5217\u7684\u522b\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u5bf9 \"\" \u62ec\u8d77\u6765.\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7''.(mysql\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u592a\u4e25\u8c28)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c\n#\u67e5\u8be2\u5458\u5de5\u8868\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u95e8id\u5462\uff1f\n#\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\nSELECT department_id\nFROM employees;\n\n#\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1a\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\nSELECT DISTINCT department_id\nFROM employees;\n\n#\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff1a\nSELECT salary,DISTINCT department_id\nFROM employees;\n\n#\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\nSELECT DISTINCT department_id,salary\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>1. DISTINCT \u9700\u8981\u653e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5217\u540d\u7684\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5199\u6210 FROM employees \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002 SELECT salary, DISTINCT department_id<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. DISTINCT \u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5bf9\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5217\u540d\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f 74 \u6761\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9 74 \u4e2a\u90e8 \u95e8id\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u6709 salary \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u770b\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u90e8\u95e8\uff08department_id\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u9700 \u8981\u5199 DISTINCT department_id \u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5217\u540d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 \u7a7a\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#8.\u7a7a\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\n#1.\u7a7a\u503c\uff1anull\n#2.null\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e0,'',\"null\"\nSELECT * FROM employees;\n#3.\u7a7a\u503c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\nSELECT employee_id,salary\"\u6708\u5de5\u8d44\"\uff0csalary*\uff081+commission_pct\uff09* 12 \"\u5e74\u5de5\u8d44\"\uff0ccommission_pct\nFROM employees;\n#\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5f15\u5165IFNULL\nSELECT employee_id,salary\"\u6708\u5de5\u8d44\"\uff0csalary*\uff081+IFNULL\uff08commission_pct\uff0c0)\uff09* 12 \"\u5e74\u5de5\u8d44\",commission_pct\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728 MySQL \u91cc\u9762\uff0c \u7a7a\u503c\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 0\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u503c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u7a7a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728 MySQL \u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u7a7a\u503c\u662f\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5 \u7740\u91cd\u53f7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u8868\u540d\u7b49\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u5b57\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5982\u679c\u771f\u7684\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728 SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5bf9``\uff08\u7740\u91cd\u53f7\uff09\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT FROM `order`\nORDER\u662f\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.6 \u67e5\u8be2\u5e38\u6570<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SELECT \u67e5\u8be2\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e38\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728 SELECT \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u5217\u7684 \u53d6\u503c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u53d6\u51fa\u7684\u3002 \u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u5bf9\u5e38\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u5462\uff1f SQL \u4e2d\u7684 SELECT \u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u786e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a \u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff0c\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u5e38\u6570\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5bf9 employees \u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u59d3\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5217\u5b57\u6bb5 corporation \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a \u5b57\u6bb5\u56fa\u5b9a\u503c\u4e3a\u201c\u5c1a\u7845\u8c37\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SELECT '\u5c1a\u7845\u8c37' as corporation, last_name FROM employees;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT '\u5c1a\u7845\u8c37',123.emplyee_id,last_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"224\" width=\"346\" src=\"https:\/\/i-blog.csdnimg.cn\/direct\/2516fe876b7a485c8658b368a82b3f94.png\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u663e\u793a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528DESCRIBE \u6216 DESC \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002(\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DESCRIBE employees; \n\u6216\nDESC employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"187\" width=\"615\" src=\"https:\/\/i-blog.csdnimg.cn\/direct\/51c7f54c4194491d97800d97f786535b.png\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"804\" width=\"951\" src=\"https:\/\/i-blog.csdnimg.cn\/direct\/e7cb7cd713674c96a86de817b9ccd13e.png\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5 . \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e,\u4f7f\u7528WHERE \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389<br>WHERE\u5b50\u53e5\u7d27\u968f FROM\u5b50\u53e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, department_id\nFROM   employees\n#\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6,\u58f0\u660e\u5728FROM \u7ed3\u6784\u540e\u9762\nWHERE  department_id = 90 ;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u67e5\u8be2last_name\u4e3a'King'\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u4fe1\u606f\nSELECT *\nFROM employees\nWHERE last_name = 'King';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u662f'King'\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u662f\u6709\u533a\u522b\u7684,\u4f46\u662fwindows\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f,\u5e76\u4e14MySQL\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684.Oracle\u5c31\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u4e86.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u57fa\u672cselect\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#1.\u67e5\u8be2\u5458\u5de512\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u5e76\u8d77\u522b\u540d\u4e3aANNUALSALARY\n#\u7406\u89e31\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b9712\u6708\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u8d44\nSELECT employee_id,last_name,salary * 12 \"ANNUAL SALARY\"\nFROM employees;\n#\u7406\u89e32\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b9712\u6708\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u5956\u91d1\nSELECT employee_id,last_name,salary * 12 * ( 1 + IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) \"ANNUAL SALARY\"\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#2.\u67e5\u8be2employees\u8868\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u7684job_id\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\nSELECT DISTINCT job_id\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#3.\u67e5\u8be2\u5de5\u8d44\u5927\u4e8e12000\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u5de5\u8d44\nSELECT last_name,salary\nFROM employees\nWHERE salary&gt;12000;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#4.\u67e5\u8be2\u5458\u5de5\u53f7\u4e3a176\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\u53f7\nSELECT last_name,department_id\nFROM employees\nWHERE employee_id=176;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#5.\u663e\u793a\u8868departments\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u8be2\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\nDESCRIBE departments;\n\nSELECT * FROM departments;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"15\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/eve2333.top\/26644b00-12a8-4500-9780-79d71428c4ea\" width=\"15\"> \u200b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u200b \u7b2c03\u7ae0_\u57fa\u672c\u7684SELECT\u8bed\u53e5 1. SQL\u6982\u8ff0 1.1 SQL\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6 1946 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u501f\u7531\u8fd9\u53f0 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[16],"class_list":["post-712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2","tag-sql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=712"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":796,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712\/revisions\/796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eve2333.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}